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April 1877: Edison files telephone patent applications. U.S. patents (Nos. 474,230, 474,231 and 474,232) were awarded to Edison in 1892 over the competing claims of Alexander Graham Bell, Emile Berliner, Elisha Gray, Amos Dolbear, J.W. McDonagh, G.B. Richmond, W.L.W. Voeker, J.H. Irwin and Francis Blake Jr. [9] Edison's carbon granules transmitter and Bell's electromagnetic receiver are used, with improvements, by the Bell system for many decades thereafter. [10]
Wallop, Harry (18 June 2011). "Mobile phone calls overtake landline calls for first time". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 . Retrieved 20 October 2019. July 1873: Thomas Edison notes varying resistance in carbon grains due to pressure, and builds a rheostat based on the principle but abandons it because of its sensitivity to vibration. April 1930: Opening of transoceanic telephone service to Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay and subsequently to all other South American countries. [23] VoIP Support in Nokia Devices". Nokia Forum. Archived from the original on 28 May 2009 . Retrieved 16 August 2009. September 1879: Connolly and McTighe patent a "dial" telephone exchange (limited in the number of lines to the number of positions on the dial.).Feldman, David (1989). When Do Fish Sleep? And Other Imponderables of Everyday Life. Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. p.15. ISBN 0-06-016161-2. A man talks on his mobile phone while standing near a conventional telephone box, which stands empty. Enabling technology for mobile phones was first developed in the 1940s but it was not until the mid-1980s that they became widely available. By 2011, it was estimated in Britain that more calls were made using mobile phones than wired devices. [1]
April 1927: world's first videophone call via an electro-mechanical AT&T unit, from Washington, D.C. to New York City, by then-Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover. [30] [31] From around 1980, calls to Radiophones could also be direct dialled. [20] 0034—Area 1 (Greater London) 0036—Area 2 (Severn and Midlands) 0037—Area 3 (Liverpool and the North-East) 0033—Area 4 (Southern and Eastern Scotland) 0039—Area 5 (Southern England) All that changed on April 3rd of 1973, when Martin Cooper, a Motorola executive, made the first handheld cell phone call. The guy he rang was his rival at Bell Labs.Universal phone charger standard approved". ITU (Press release). 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 23 December 2009 . Retrieved 22 June 2010. Meeting the challenge of the universal charge standard in mobile phones". Planet Analog. Archived from the original on 9 September 2012 . Retrieved 22 June 2010. May 1892: Thomas Edison awarded patents for the carbon microphone based on applications lodged in 1877.
Phil Porter, a Bell Labs engineer, proposed that cell towers be at the corners of the hexagons rather than the centers and have directional antennas pointing in 3 directions. Thompson, Sylvanus P. (1883), Philipp Reis, Inventor of the Telephone, London: E. & F. N. Spon, 1883. Giles, Arthur (editor). County Directory of Scotland (for 1901-1904): Twelfth Issue: Telephone (Scottish Post Office Directories), Edinburgh: R. Grant & Son, 1902, p. 28. Both BT and Mercury issued only 10-digit freephone numbers to users after 1997. [44] With the market opened up to competition, many other companies also allocated these numbers to users. AT&T completes the divestiture of its local operating companies. This forms a new AT&T (long-distance service and equipment sales) and the Baby Bells.a b Floyd, Michael D.; Hillman, Garth D. (8 October 2018) [1st pub. 2000]. "Pulse-Code Modulation Codec-Filters". The Communications Handbook (2nded.). CRC Press. pp.26–1, 26–2, 26–3. ISBN 9781420041163. Cell Phone Generations 1G, 2G, 3G and now 4G". Tech Forums. 25 August 2010 . Retrieved 16 October 2012. Hounshell, David A. 1975. "Elisha Gray and the Telephone: On the Disadvantages of Being an Expert", Technology and Culture, 1975, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 133–161.
Robert Hooke creates an acoustic string telephone that conveys sounds over a taut extended wire by mechanical vibrations. [1] [2] The first automatic analog cellular systems ever deployed were NTT's system first used in 1979 for car phones in Tokyo (and later the rest of the country of Japan), and the cellular systems released by Comvik in Sweden in September, [41] [42] NMT in the other Nordic countries in October of 1981. Only certain sub-parts of each code were made available for immediate use. Numbers at 0845 7, 0845 9, 0870 1, 0870 4, 0870 5 and other ranges were set aside for numbers such as 0345, 0374, 0541, 0645 and 0990 that would be migrating from 9-digits to 10-digits and to these two 08xx codes in the forthcoming Big Number Change in 2000. Johann Philipp Reis transfers voice electrically over a distance of 340 feet with his Reis telephone. To prove that speech can be recognized successfully at the receiving end, he uses the phrase "The horse does not eat cucumber salad" as an example because this phrase is hard to understand acoustically in German. Where a charging group did not have its own Group Switching Centre, but was instead controlled by a GSC in a nearby charging group, there might not be a 'core' exchange on which to base STD codes. A code was chosen based on a town (not necessarily the most important), district or geographical feature in the area, such as 0BL8 ( BLandford area), 0GI9 ( Stowmarket area, named after the tiny village of GIpping [13]), 0DN3 ( Crediton area, taken from Devo N) and 0TV7 ( Aberfeldy and Strathtay area, taken from Tay Valley).Hornsea was moved from 0401 to join with the existing Patrington allocation at 0964 (01964 after PhONEday). This created the 0964 Hornsea and Patrington ELNS area. 0401 later went on to be used for Cellnet mobile until moving to 07701 in the Big Number Change. Agar, Jon (2004). Constant Touch: a Global History of the Mobile Phone. Cambridge: Icon. ISBN 978-1-84046-541-9.
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