Miller's Anatomy of the Dog, 4e

Product Information

Hart, V.; Nováková, P.; Malkemper, E.; Begall, S.; Hanzal, V. R.; Ježek, M.; Kušta, T. Š.; Němcová, V.; Adámková, J.; Benediktová, K. I.; Červený, J.; Burda, H. (2013). "Dogs are sensitive to small variations of the Earth's magnetic field". Frontiers in Zoology. 10 (1): 80. doi: 10.1186/1742-9994-10-80. PMC 3882779. PMID 24370002. As we explain above, canine anatomy is far ranging due to the diversity of existing breeds. These different breeds not only differ from each other in size, but in the shape of many body parts. Perhaps the most significant is head shape. There are three main different types of head formation in dogs: Roberts, Taryn; McGreevy, Paul; Valenzuela, Michael (2010). "Human Induced Rotation and Reorganization of the Brain of Domestic Dogs". PLOS ONE. 5 (7): e11946. Bibcode: 2010PLoSO...511946R. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011946. PMC 2909913. PMID 20668685.

The thoracic part of the dog esophagus extends from the thoracic inlet to the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. First, it lies to the left of the trachea and crosses the left face, then run over the dorsal surface. Here, you will learn the different structures and internal organs of a dog from the following systems – Christiansen, Per; Wroe, Stephen (2007). "Bite Forces and Evolutionary Adaptations to Feeding Ecology in Carnivores". Ecology. 88 (2): 347–358. doi: 10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[347:bfaeat]2.0.co;2. PMID 17479753. Again, the visceral surface of the dog liver is irregularly concave and faces mainly caudoventrally and to the left. You will find a close relationship between the visceral surface of the liver and with stomach, duodenum, pancreas, and right kidney.

Buy Instant Access today, from £20

There are four portions and three flexures present in the duodenum of a dog. The portions of the duodenum of a dog include – Howard E. Evans; Alexander de Lahunta (7 August 2013). Miller's Anatomy of the Dog - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-323-26623-9. a b Donald McFarlan (1 December 1988). Guinness Book of World Records, 1989. Sterling. p.47. ISBN 978-0-8069-0276-0 . Retrieved 14 November 2012. Pectineus: originates on the iliopubic eminence and inserts on the caudal femur. It acts to adduct the limb. It is innervated by the obturator nerve. You may learn more about the anatomical features of the dog stomach from the article mentioned below –

The ovaries of a female dog are paired with elongated oval organs located below the third or fourth lumbar vertebrae. Each of these two ovaries is completely enclosed by a peritoneal pouch (ovarian bursa). You will find a small opening at the ventral part of the ovarian bursa. Domestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. The general theory of countershading is that an animal that is lit from above will appear lighter on its upper half and darker on its lower half where it will usually be in its own shade. [16] [17] This is a pattern that predators can learn to watch for. A counter shaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below. [16] This reduces the general visibility of the animal. One reminder of this pattern is that many breeds will have the occasional "blaze", stripe, or "star" of white fur on their chest or undersides. [17] The anatomy of this organ of the dog differs from the ruminant. Ruminants possess a compound stomach, whereas dogs possess a simple stomach (glandular and non-glandular parts). The dorsal surface of the left lobe has a relationship with the caudate process of the liver, portal vein, caudal vena cava, and aorta. On the other hand, the ventral surface relates to the transverse colon ventrocaudally and the dorsal wall ventrocranially. Dog respiratory organ anatomy Again, the left kidney of a dog lies ventral to the body of the third, fourth, and fifth lumbar vertebrae. You know both the right and left kidneys of a dog are bean-shaped and possess a smooth surface.External obturator: originates on the pubis and ischium and inserts on the trochanteric fossa. It acts to rotate the pelvic limb laterally. It is innervated by the obturator nerve.