Wild Harbour

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Otani S. Diving behavior and swimming speed of a free-ranging harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena. Mar Mamm Sci. 2000;16: 811–814. A fellow author, who asked not to be named, said: “The contempt shown to authors has been truly appalling - the liquidator doesn't even deem it necessary to respond to individual cases - and twice now the opportunity has been taken to try and claw funds from the very authors affected most by Freight'sfailure.

Reeves RR, Read AJ, Notarbartolo di Sciara G. Report of the workshop on interactions between dolphins and fisheries in the Mediterranean: evaluation of mitigation alternatives. Report of ICRAM, Rome; 2001. With increased appreciation for Cornish produce within the chef community and a great reputation, the business has ‘gone from strength to strength’ and has grown to include other great Cornish fish and produce. Bjørge A, Skern-Mauritzen M, Rossman MC. Estimated bycatch of harbour porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena) in two coastal gillnet fisheries in Norway, 2006–2008. Mitigation and implications for conservation. Biol Conserv. 2013;161: 164–173.

Dähne, M. et al. Effects of pile-driving on harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) at the first offshore wind farm in Germany. Environ. Res. Lett. 8, 025002 (2013). Findlay, C. R. et al. Mapping widespread and increasing underwater noise pollution from acoustic deterrent devices. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 135, 1042–1050 (2018). By plotting AHD RL from GPS-DTAGs with corresponding ranges from the porpoise to the exposure boat of three different exposure events (HP1, HP3, HP5), we found that the sound propagation largely followed a spherical spreading model for the distances and areas considered here (Fig. 2e). Verification of flight response without tags Gillnets are a passive fishing gear that entangle animals in the mesh, and are operated worldwide based on their versatilely and fuel efficiency [ 1, 2]. Bycatch in gillnets has been increasingly recognised as a significant threat to animal populations, including seabirds, sea turtles and marine mammals [ 3– 5]. It is confirmed that gillnet bycatch affects the population sustainability of some small cetaceans [ 6]; especially, the vaquita ( Phocoena sinus) is in danger of extinction because of bycatch [ 7]. Bycatch of small cetacean may have merit to the fishers in many parts of the world (e. g. [ 8, 9]) for consumption or for use as bait in gillnet and longline fisheries [ 10]. On the other hand, it can also disturb fishing operations [ 11]: although they are considered ‘small’ cetaceans, most of the porpoises exceed 1 m in body length; when bycatch occurs, fishers face difficulty removing them from nets.

Simonis, A. E. et al. Lunar cycles affect common dolphin Delphinus delphis foraging in the Southern California Bight. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 577, 221–235 (2017). Carstensen, J., Henriksen, O. D. & Teilmann, J. Impacts of offshore wind farm construction on harbour porpoises: acoustic monitoring of echolocation activity using porpoise detectors (T-Pods). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 321, 295–308 (2006). Patterson, I. A. et al. Evidence for infanticide in bottlenose dolphins: an explanation for violent interactions with harbour porpoises? Proc. R. Soc. B 265, 1167–70 (1998). Northridge, S. P. et al. Assessment of the impacts and utility of acoustic deterrent devices. Final Report to the Scottish Aquaculture Research Forum, Project Code SARF044. Oceans (2010). Benjamins, S., van Geel, N., Hastie, G., Elliott, J. & Wilson, B. Harbour porpoise distribution can vary at small spatiotemporal scales in energetic habitats. Deep Sea Res. Part II 141, 191–202 (2017).

Hildebrand, J. Anthropogenic and natural sources of ambient noise in the ocean. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 395, 5–20 (2009). I had confirmation my rights would be returned prior to the liquidation but Freight held on to them anyway. Throughout, thepublisher would tell me one thing and do another... I still don't have my rights and have no idea when I will. Nor do I expect to see a single penny of the four-figure sum owed to me. Shambolic doesn't come close." Wisniewska, D. M., Johnson, M., Beedholm, K., Wahlberg, M. & Madsen, P. T. Acoustic gaze adjustments during active target selection in echolocating porpoises. J. Exp. Biol. 215, 4358–4373 (2012). Davoren GK. Effects of gill-net fishing on marine birds in a biological hotspot in the Northwest Atlantic. Conserv Biol. 2007;21: 1032–1045. pmid:17650253

Siebert, U. et al. Post-mortem findings in harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) from the German North and Baltic Seas. J. Comp. Pathol. 124, 102–114 (2001). Clay TA, Mangel JC, Alfaro-Shigueto J, Hodgson DJ, Godley BJ. Distribution and habitat use of a cryptic small cetacean, the Burmeister’s porpoise, monitored from a small-scale fishery platform. Front Mar Sci. 2018;5:220. Iizuka K, Katayama S. Otolith morphology of teleost fishes of Japan. Bull Fish Res Agen. 2008;25: 1–222. Johnston, D. W. The effect of acoustic harassment devices on harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Biol. Conserv. 108, 113–118 (2002). The respiration rate was unchanged in two animals, while the four others changed respiration in different ways during exposure compared to the 15 min before exposure, ranging from a 15% decrease (HP4, from 3.9 to 3.3 min −1) to 31% increase (HP3, from 3.2 to 4.2 min −1) (Tables 2, S1). Received level and effect distancesRead AJ, Waples DM, Urian KW, Swanner D. Fine-scale behaviour of bottlenose dolphins around gillnets. Proc Biol Sci. 2003;270 Suppl 1:S90–2. pmid:12952646 Prey distribution often affects the movements or presence of porpoises [ 45]. Harbour porpoises are known to be highly adaptive and opportunistic in their foraging ecology [ 41], and their movements and presence are affected by prey fish distributions [ 45]. It is natural that the distribution of harbour porpoises in this sea area is also affected by prey distribution. Although no direct evidence is available, the occurrence of porpoises around the net was probably related to the distribution of forage fishes, including Ammodytes sp. Brandt, M. J. et al. Far-reaching effects of a seal scarer on harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena. Aquat. Conserv. Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 23, 222–232 (2013). Hiley, H., Janik, V. & Götz, T. Behavioural reactions of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena to startle-eliciting stimuli: Movement responses and practical applications. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 672, 223–241 (2021). While studies show a decreased presence of porpoises in relation to active AHDs 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, detailed information on the behavioural and physiological responses of individual cetaceans to AHDs is non-existent to our knowledge. Porpoises and other prey species may have evolved innate anti-predator responses to sounds akin to those of their predator species. Given the similarity to killer whale vocalisations (frequency range from below 1 kHz to 20 kHz 13, 14), tonal sounds from sonars or AHDs may thus trigger innate defence responses in prey species such as harbour porpoises. AHDs may therefore provoke costly anti-predator responses 15, 16, such as freezing in silence 17 or flight 18. Furthermore, the high SL and fast rise times of AHD pulses may evoke acoustic startle responses 19 as recently documented in captive odontocetes including harbour porpoises 20, 21, 22. In the startle response, muscles of the whole body flinch instantly as a pre-cognitive protective measure from potentially harmful sudden stimuli 3, 23, and may be accompanied by heart rate fluctuations 24.

Time spent in visual crypsis was defined as time spent within 2 m of the surface or apparent seafloor. The nearness to seafloor was used for animals with GPS information (HP1, HP3 and HP5) or that made U-shaped dives, which were likely to represent a depth close to the seafloor (HP4, HP6). We verified the assumption that U-shaped dives are close to the seafloor using the animals with GPS-positions. Searle has recently published a book under the imprint Wild Harbour Books, which is part of the company Dalbeath Trading. According to Companies House, the firm was established in December 2016 under the name of Freight Books, before he had left Freight Design Ltd, but changed its name to Dalbeath Trading in July. More and more, chefs are becoming interested in the face behind their fish. It is not only educational but tells a story: this fish has come from a boat under 10m in length, was caught by one guy risking his life by going out alone in all weathers. The chefs write his name on the specials board. Discussing the demise of Freight Books, Sinclair added: "We are sad to see Freight being wound up, and had hoped that a buyer would emerge over the past few months. That has not happened. It is sad to see a company disappear from the publishing landscape in Scotland and to see the effect it has had on all concerned. We put our efforts into helping Freight find a buyer and to help them with publishing issues as they emerged so it is a blow that they have not managed to do so, and that most of the authors will be without a home for their titles, in the short term at least.” Fahlman, A. et al. Estimating energetics in cetaceans from respiratory frequency: Why we need to understand physiology. Biol. Open 5, 436–442 (2016).Continuing the British Library’s Classic Science Fiction series, we see the re-release of Wild Harbour from Scottish writer Ian Macpherson (1905 – 1944). It follows the journey of pacifist couple Terry and Hugh who, in the ever-growing threat of war coming to the UK, abandon civilisation altogether and take to living in a cave away from the rest of the world. Amidst the foraging for food and simple lifestyle, Terry and Hugh find solace. However, as the threat of war grows closer, can the couple continue with their own personal utopia? HP4 did not flee at all, but instead seemed to rest near the seafloor quietly, which could be an orienting response to the novel stimuli 53 (Fig. S2). Narwhals have been observed to display freeze-responses (causing them to slowly sink) in response to ship noise 17. Furthermore, a similar quiet descent has previously been reported in a porpoise exposed to a passing fast ferry 45, and porpoises, exposed to a pinger, had responses varying from extremely rapid deterrence to no reaction at all 54. Thus, porpoises may respond to exposures both with flight (predominantly in our dataset), but also with freeze-like orienting responses. Cardinale, M., Casini, M., Arrhenius, F. & Håkansson, N. Diel spatial distribution and feeding activity of herring ( Clupea harengus) and sprat ( Sprattus sprattus) in the Baltic Sea. Aquat. Living Resour. 16(3), 283–292 (2003). Mikkelsen, L., Hermannsen, L., Beedholm, K., Madsen, P. T. & Tougaard, J. Simulated seal scarer sounds scare porpoises, but not seals: Species-specific responses to 12 kHz deterrence sounds. R. Soc. Open Sci. 4, 170286 (2017).