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Categories D and E (not listed here) are used for record keeping only, and species in these categories are not included in the British List: Figure 7.3 shows the unsmoothed (dashed lines) and smoothed (solid lines) indecies for all upland birds, upland riparian birds, upland specialist birds and upland generalist birds. The links above lead to family accounts and individual species. Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so other arrangements may be found, as in Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.

Easily one of the most recognisable garden birds, the robin, with its red chest and brown body, can be spotted year-round. These friendly birds are so often associated with Christmas because they’re so easy to spot in the winter months. Describe the sound you are hearing, either out loud to someone else or in your head. Does it stay at one pitch or go up and down? Is it loud or quiet? Fast or slow? Repetitive or varied? Does it remind you of another sound? Figure 3.6 shows the unsmoothed trend (dashed line) and the smoothed trend (solid line) together with its 95% confidence interval (a measure of uncertainty) represented by the shaded area on the chart.

October 2023’s British Birds

It can sing loudly for a long time and is good to have in your garden, as it is one of the few native birds that eats snails. Sadly, thrushes are another of the common birds in the UK now in decline, and are listed on the red endangered list. Carrion Crow If you have a garden we’d recommend buying a bird feeder or bird table so that you can see the birds up close. It’s very special to watch them returning day after day, throughout the seasons. The seabird index in the UK in 2019 continues to exhibit a different pattern to the England index. One reason for this difference is species composition. Some species breed only in Scotland whereas others are more widespread but have the bulk of their populations in northern parts of the British Isles, and there may be insufficient data to generate an England-only trend. In addition, trends for some species may differ between the 2 countries.

Figure 4.6 shows the unsmoothed trend (dashed line) and the smoothed trend (solid line) together with its 95% confidence interval (a measure of uncertainty) represented by the shaded area on the chart. For more information about the evidence for this indicator, see the evidence statement Annex 1.04 Evidence Statement for C5b Woodland Birds. Species breakdown Bird populations have long been considered to provide a good indication of the broad state of wildlife in the UK. This is because they occupy a wide range of habitats and respond to environmental pressures that also operate on other groups of wildlife. In addition, there are considerable long-term data on trends in bird populations, allowing for comparison between trends in the short term and long term. Because they are a well-studied taxonomic group, drivers of change for birds are better understood than for other species groups, which enable better interpretation of any observed changes. Birds also have huge cultural importance and are highly valued as a part of the UK’s natural environment by the general public. Although bird indicators can reflect the health of the natural environment more widely, those presented in this publication should not be used in isolation to infer the status of all other species groups.A – scarce migrant, formerly bred. Birds from a reintroduced population bred at Knepp Wildland in 2020. We no longer produce an Annex showing long-term and short-term trends in bird species by habitat. However, all of the relevant data is available in the data sets provided alongside this publication. Populations of 2 woodland generalist species (bullfinch and song thrush) have declined by more than 45% since 1970. Only one species, long-tailed tit, has increased (by 90%) in this period.

The index for birds of fast flowing water was 20% lower in 2022 than in 1975. Like the overall indicator for breeding wetland and waterways birds, it dipped during 2010 to 2013, although not as low as in the early eighties, and has decreased by 7% in the short term (Figure 4.6). Although all the 4 species which make up this indicator are dependent on food from water, they share another characteristic of being found mainly in upland areas. Chapter 17 (PDF, 287.30 KB) of the book Silent Summer also discusses some of the factors affecting our bird populations. Farmland refers to the 69% of land in the UK which is devoted to agriculture. Farmland also provides semi-natural habitats such as hedgerows and field margins that provide food and shelter to birds.the Periodic Seabird censuses supplied by JNCC, RSPB, the Seabird Group, SOTEAG (Shetland Oil Terminal Environmental Advisory Group) and other partners Long-term’ – an assessment of change since the earliest date for which data are available; this varies among indicators and among individual species. Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Their soft plumage is cryptically coloured to resemble bark or leaves. Figure 7.2 shows the percentage of species within the indicator that have shown a statistically significant increase (strong or weak increase), a statistically significant decrease (strong or weak decline) or no statistically significant change (little change or no change) over the long-term and short-term assessment periods. British Ornithologists' Union (2013). "The British List". Ibis. 155: 635–676. doi: 10.1111/ibi.12069.